Comparison of Organosulfur and Amino Acid Composition between Triploid Onion Allium cornutum Clementi ex Visiani, 1842, and Common Onion Allium cepa L., and Evidences for Antiproliferative Activity of Their Extracts

This study presents the evidence for possible therapeutic use of A. cornutum and A. cepa extracts against human cervical carcinoma cell line

Željana Fredotović; Barbara Soldo; Matilda Šprung; Zvonimir Marijanović; Igor Jerković; Jasna Puizina

2020

The Allium genus includes more than 750 species of which about a dozen are economically important and cultivated as crops, garden vegetables, or ornamental plants
Differences were noted among the main compound abundance in the headspace and dipropyl disulfide, diisopropyl trisulfide, and-prop-1-enyl propyl trisulfide were predominant sulfides
Since HeLa cells showed the highest sensitivity to Allium extracts among all tested cancer cell lines, we further wanted to investigate the possible mechanism of proliferative activity by using the DNA fragmentation assay, DAPI staining, and qPCR analysis
Allium species, used in our study, proved to be a good source of phytochemicals, especially organosulfur compounds, which play a crucial role in preventing proliferation of cancer cells
The higher abundance in triploid hybrid onion can be explained by the higher number of cysteine sulfoxides due to the hybridization of common onion and wild Allium species
Arginine and glutamic acid are the main free amino acids found in A. cornutum and A. cepa
glutamic acid is important “umami” substrate responsible for specific onion taste

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