The gut epithelia of all metazoan organisms harbor complex microbial communities
2009
Key concepts
Scholarcy highlights
- The gut epithelia of all metazoan organisms harbor complex microbial communities
- The Drosophila genetic model has been demonstrated to be an efficient tool for the analysis of the microbe-induced signaling pathways that link microorganisms and corresponding gut cell physiology
- In a study conducted by Buchon et al, global gut response was examined at the transcriptional level during infectious gut–microbe interactions
- This type of gut–microbe interaction was achieved by oral ingestion of a high dose of Erwinia carotovora carotovora15, whose infection is usually nonlethal and noninvasive when hosts are equipped with adequate dual oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species immunity
- Given that the JAK–STAT pathway is involved in a variety of processes related to the physiological homeostasis of cells and that tissue damage associated with microbes can activate this signaling, Buchon et al postulated that activated JAK–STAT signaling may induce replenishment of epithelial cells injured during gut– microbe interactions through intestinal stem cells activation
- Despite the severe tissue damage, DUOX knockdown flies showed reduced and/or delayed Upd–JAK–STAT signaling in response to Ecc15, which suggests that ROS play a role in the activation of stem cell signaling via this pathway
- Drosophila intestinal response to bacterial infection: Activation of host defense and stem cell proliferation
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